定语从句中“介词+which”与“which”的用法区别如下:
一、基本规则
限定性定语从句 引导词用 that
,且 不能省略。 - 例如:
> The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
(等同于:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.)
非限制性定语从句 引导词用 which
,且 必须用逗号与主句隔开。 - 例如:
> The movie, which was released last year, won several awards.
(等同于:The movie that was released last year won several awards.)
二、介词与which的搭配
介词+which: 引导非限制性定语从句,替代整个分句,作主语或宾语。 例如: > The company, in which we worked, is now a multinational corporation. (等同于:The company that we worked in is now a multinational corporation.) 介词后接关系代词 指人时用 whom
> The person whom I met at the conference is my old friend.
(等同于:The person which I met at the conference is my old friend.)
三、注意事项
介词位置
介词需置于关系代词之前,且不可省略。例如:
> The letter which arrived yesterday was from my aunt.
(不能写成:The letter arrived yesterday which was from my aunt.)
替代作用
介词+which可替代整个主句,避免头重脚轻。例如:
> The project, which required extensive research, was finally completed.
(比直接使用主句更简洁)
与that的区别 : 限定性定语从句中,which和that可互换,但非限制性定语从句只能用which。 - 例如:
> The book that I read is fascinating.
(不能写成:The book which I read is fascinating.)
四、常见错误
省略which
非限制性定语从句中which不可省略,否则会导致句子结构混乱。例如:
> The movie which won the award is very popular.
(正确)
混用that和which:
限定性定语从句只能用that,非限制性定语从句只能用which。
通过以上规则和注意事项,可有效掌握定语从句中介词+which与which的用法。