非谓语动词的七种形式及其用法如下:
不定式 (to do)
用法:表示将来、未发生的动作,可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
例句:
To learn a new language is important.
She wants to go shopping.
The teacher told us to do morning exercises.
动名词 (doing)
用法:表示主动,可以用作主语、宾语、表语、定语。动名词具有进行时态和被动语态。
例句:
Reading is my favorite hobby.
I enjoy swimming in the summer.
Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.
现在分词 (doing)
用法:表示主动和进行,可以用作表语、定语、状语和补语。
例句:
The car to be bought is for his sister.
He sat there, reading a newspaper.
Playing video games for too long is not good for your health.
过去分词 (done)
用法:表示被动和完成,可以用作表语、定语、状语和补语。
例句:
The book written by him is very interesting.
The flowers picked by her are beautiful.
The work finished by them is excellent.
不定式的被动式 (to be done)
用法:表示被动和将来,可以用作主语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
例句:
The house to be built next year will be very beautiful.
The food to be served is delicious.
动名词的被动式 (being done)
用法:表示被动和进行,可以用作主语、宾语、定语和状语。
例句:
The book being read by him is very interesting.
The building being constructed is the new headquarters.
现在分词的被动式 (having been done)
用法:表示被动和完成,可以用作表语、定语和状语。
例句:
The work having been finished is important.
The meeting having been adjourned is rescheduled for tomorrow.
这些形式在句子中的具体用法和位置可能会根据句子的结构和意思有所不同,但大体上遵循上述规则。希望这些信息对你有所帮助。