表语从句是英语语法中的一种重要结构,通常由名词性从句充当表语,位于系动词之后。以下是表语从句的典型例句分类及解析:
一、由that引导的表语从句
1. The fact is that he doesn’t really try. (事实是他没有做真正的努力)
2. The problem is that I have lost his address. (麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了)
3. The truth is... / The problem is... / The reason is... 等固定句型结构
二、由whether引导的表语从句
1. The question is whether the film is worth seeing. (问题是这部电影是否值得看)
2. The decision is whether to accept the job offer. (决定是接受还是拒绝工作邀请)
3. The challenge is whether we can meet the deadline. (挑战在于我们能否按时完成)
三、由连接代词引导的表语从句
1. You are not who I thought you were. (你已不是我过去所想象的人)
2. The problem is who we can get to replace her. (问题是我们能找到谁去替换她)
3. What I want to know is which road we should take. (我想知道的是我们应走哪条路)
四、由连接副词引导的表语从句
1. The problem is how we can find him. (问题是我们如何找到他)
2. The reason is that his bike broke down. (原因是他的自行车坏了)
3. The time is when we can get a pay rise. (时间是我们能得到加薪的时候)
五、其他特殊结构
1. It seems as if it were going to rain. (看起来要下雨)
2. The news is that the meeting has been postponed. (消息是会议已推迟)
3. The idea is that we should start early. (想法是我们应该早点出发)
注意事项:
1. 表语从句需用陈述语序,如“Their favorite color is blue.”(他们最喜欢的颜色是蓝色)
2. 引导词需根据句意选择:that(无实际意义)、whether(是否)、what(具体内容)、who/which(指代人或物)等
3. 部分特殊结构需结合固定搭配理解,如“it seems as if”表示虚拟语气
通过以上分类及例句,可系统掌握表语从句的用法及应用场景。