英语中副词的功能和用法如下:
一、副词可修饰的词类
动词 副词可描述动作的方式(如 quickly
)、时间(如 yesterday)、地点(如 here)等。例如:
- The cat slept soundly(方式)
- The meeting started at 9 AM(时间)
- The letter arrived in the mail(地点)
形容词
副词可增强或减弱形容词的程度(如 extremely、 very)。例如:
- The movie was extremely interesting
- The weather was very cold
其他副词
副词可修饰另一个副词,进一步说明程度或方式。例如:
- She drives incredibly fast
- He spoke very softly
整个句子
副词可表达说话者的态度或观点,修饰全句。例如:
- Fortunately, we found the lost key
- Unfortunately, the meeting was canceled
二、副词在句子中的位置
时间副词(如 yesterday, tomorrow)通常位于句首或句末:
位于句首:
- Yesterday, we visited the museum.
位于句末:
- The movie started at 7 PM.
频率副词(如 always, never)常置于句首或句中:
Always do your homework on time.
程度副词(如 very, extremely)一般置于被修饰词之前:
The cake was extremely delicious
方式副词(如 beautifully, carefully)多位于句首或句中:
She painted the room beautifully
连接副词(如 however, therefore)引导状语从句,位于句首:
However, we couldn't make it to the meeting.
三、特殊说明
副词 very 可以修饰形容词(如 very interesting),但 不能修饰动词(如 very run应改为 runs very well)
副词变形规则: 以 -ly
以 -ic结尾的词(如 basic)变为 basically(加 -ly)
通过以上规则和示例,可系统掌握副词在英语中的修饰对象及用法。